Monthly Archives: April 2013

March 2013 Performance & comment: “Another storm in the teacup”

Performance:

Performance in March was again very satisfactory, with +2.0% vs. 0.2% in the benchmark (50% Eurostoxx, 30% Dax, 20% DAX). YTD this results in +13.48% against +4.90% BM performance. Since inception (1.1.2011) the score is now 49.6% against 14.4%.

Best performer was Total Produce with +15.6%., followed by Draeger with +12.5%, AS Creation +11.5%, WMF +10% and Tonnelerie with +9.7%. Biggest looser was of course the IVG convertible with -30.6%. This alone cost the protfolio ~1.5% absolute performance. Also, April SA lost ~12% in March.

Nevertheless I am still surprised how well most of the stocks performed, as many of them are nor really cheap any more. But as it is with momentum, it always carries much much longer than one thinks. Nevertheless, one should not indulge in complacency.

Major transactions

As discussed, I added G. Perrier as new stock. I also sold half of the Total Produce position and added to Gronlandsbanken.

Portfolio as of March 31st 2013:

Name Weight Perf. Incl. Div
Hornbach Baumarkt 4.1% 9.8%
AS Creation Tapeten 4.3% 43.6%
WMF VZ 3.7% 76.0%
Tonnellerie Frere Paris 6.5% 96.1%
Vetropack 4.4% 8.9%
Total Produce 3.1% 75.2%
Installux 3.0% 14.9%
Poujoulat 0.9% 4.9%
Dart Group 3.8% 106.4%
Cranswick 5.1% 18.7%
April SA 3.4% 4.3%
SOL Spa 2.5% 14.2%
Gronlandsbanken 2.3% 23.7%
G. Perrier 2.2% 7.7%
     
     
KAS Bank NV 5.0% 30.0%
BUZZI UNICEM SPA-RSP 5.3% 26.3%
SIAS 5.8% 57.4%
Bouygues 2.6% 10.0%
Drägerwerk Genüsse D 11.3% 198.6%
IVG Wandler 3.0% -22.4%
DEPFA LT2 2015 2.6% 51.6%
HT1 Funding 4.7% 54.1%
EMAK SPA 3.8% 16.7%
Rhoen Klinikum 2.3% 10.7%
     
     
     
Short: Focus Media Group -1.0% -10.9%
Short: Prada -1.1% -25.6%
Short Kabel Deutschland -1.0% -4.6%
Short Lyxor Cac40 -1.1% -8.5%
Short Ishares FTSE MIB -1.8% -1.6%
     
Terminverkauf CHF EUR 0.2% 5.8%
     
Tagesgeldkonto 2% 10.6%  
     
     
     
Value 49.1%  
Opportunity 46.3%  
Short+ Hedges -5.9%  
Cash 10.6%  
  100.0%

Dragerwerke is again above the 10% threshold. I will therefore sell ~1.3% asap. Also, I will reduce Total Produce to 0 in the next few days.

March 2013 comment: “Another storm in the teapot”

Following the press, Europe again narrowly escaped Armageddon in March during the”Cyprus situation”. Common knowledge now is that they broke a tabu with bailing in depositors and again, all the banks and Club Med countries are doomed.

Looking at this more realistically, one could argue that this was at first again an economic non-event. Less than 1mn inhabitants, total bailout of around 15 bn EUR. One should not call this peanuts, however compared for instance with the 57 bn the EU spends on agricultural subsidies annualy, it is clear that we are talking about a rounding error here.

Secondly, I am asking myself: What’s wrong when depositors actually share the burden to a certain extent instead of socializing everything on the tax payers ? Someone with more than 100 k EUR in the bank is actually quite rich. According to latest numbers, German households in the west have on average 132 K EUR, Eastern Germans 55 k EUR average net worth, including real estate. So people are freaking out because people with a lot of money are not being bailed out by people with an equal or lower total net worth ?

Why should a bank depositor in general be better protected than an investor in Government bonds in the same country ? Those implicit or explicit guarantees in my opinion are actually one of the root problems in this whole mess. With deposit guarantees, there is no distinction between good and bad banks. actually, managers of bad banks get a free ride and lot of optionality via this subsidized funding. The capital allocation function of the capital market is highly distorted by this kind of guarantee which is by the way free and not charged.

In the medium and long run, bailing in depositors will in my opinion contribute to the financial stability of a financial system because bad banks will have it much harder to blow up their balance sheet and support asset bubbles. Again, I don’t think we are out of the woods with regard to the “EUR crises” but for me the Cyprus depositor bail in is another small step into the right direction.

Despite the many pundits on TV who claim that they know exactly what to do in this situation, in reality know one has a clue. The best strategy in such situations is trial and error. When you are in unchartered waters or in a forrest at night without light, the most stupid thing would be to say: “Let’s go this way and full speed ahead”. What you should do instead is to go slow, test the waters, feel your way through and change directions if you see obstacles directly ahead.

Don’t get me worng though, this is not meant to be a statement that we will see share prises going up further because the EUR problem will be solved soon. There are a lot of risks out there which might or might not priced into the market. All I am saying is that the next “Black swan” or “grey swan” will most likely not come from the EUR mess but from somewhere else.

IVG – Now what ?

IVG is one of my special situation investments, I had detailed posts about them here:

Introduction (German)
“Good news” (German)
Capital Increase
Capital Structure considerations
Balance sheet analysis

My overall thesis could be summarised as follows:

IVG is clearly in troubled water, so the shares and the Hybrid bonds are extremely risky, however the senior convertible which has a put in early 2014 has a good chance of being repaid. My main argument was and is that IVG is quite big and an outright default would have too bad consequences for the banks and hedge funds wer not yet involved. Even in the downside case, I would still come up with a recovery for the Hybrid in the 90ties due to the amount of underlying equity and hybrid debt.

Last week however, IVG came out with another worse than expected annual result for 2012.

The “bomb” however was this statement:

As the company would like to explain the financing concept being developed to the shareholders and to allow them to decide on specific measures, where appropriate, the 2013 Annual General Meeting will be postponed from 16 May 2013 to presumably the end of July 2013.

Well, clearly postponing the Annual Meeting is ALWAYS a bad sign. So all the listed IVG securities got of course hammered:

The stock lost around 2/3 of its value:

as well as the Hybrid bond:

The convertible lost almost half of its value before rebounding, resulting in a loss of 1/3:

So to look at the only positive aspect. At least the Senior bond outperformed against the subordinated capital tranches as one would expect in such cases. As reader JM commented, the activity in the convertible prior to the announcement looks very very suspicious and smells of insider trading.

Updated liquidation analysis

First of all, let’s update the liquidation analysis from 2012:

Summary valuation of Assets

In the first step, I think it makes sense to use the same assumptions as last time, to make the numbers comparable. In the following table we see the asset “model” updated based on the 2012 report.

2011 Adj. Val 2012 Adj.Val Comment
Intangibles 251 0 253 0 100% write off
Inv. Property 3,964 3,398 3,654 2,920 scaled to 7% yield
PPE 157 118 190 143 25% discount
Financial Assets 189 142 174 131 25% discount
equity part 95 71 84 63 25% discount
DTA 404 0 336 0 100% write off
Receivables 60 45     25% discount
   
Inventory 1,025 513 996 498 50% discount
Receivables 179 134 190 143 25% discount
Cash 238 238 142 142 0% discount
   
AFS 341 256 58 44 25% discount
Asset Management 275   318 1.5% of AUM
Marekt value caverns 163   140 50% of disclosed adj.
         
Total 6,903 5,351   4,540

In second step we can then determine, how much assets are available for which debtor class. In the case of an insolvency, collateralized lenders get paid first, then senior lenders then hybrid and then equity.

Based on the 2012 numbers, i would calculate the following liquidation values:

  2012
Adjusted NAV   4540
-Bank loans   -3837
Remaining   703
Other senior liabilities    
  -Derivatives -84
  – Tax -77
  – pension -34
  – other financial -17
  – other liabilities -218
  – Convertible -400
  Total senior unsecured -830
     
  Coverage 84.70%

So this means that senior creditors would get under my assumptions still around 85% of nominal. This is slightly worse than last year but still quite positive and should limit the downside.

Of course, I did not consider additional costs of winding such a company up, on the other hand I didn’t put for instance a business value on the cavern business. However it is also clear that in a liquidation, both Hybrid and shareholders get a big fat “donut” as recovery.

What next ?

In such situations, it usually makes sense to listen to the analyst call in order to see what Management is actually saying. Fortunately, the call is easily accessible via their website. By the way: The used app for the audio file is really shitty…..

The most interesting section of the management comments is the fact that the 0.7 bn EUR 2013 maturity doesn’t seem to be a problem at all, as this is a 50% LTV loan.

From the Q&A, I found the following points most interesting:

– Squaire: Relative slow increase in occupancy. They need 90% occupancy to really exit which seems to need time, at least until 2014
– Caverns: Demand from utility side has shrinked, “NAV adjustment” at risk
– IFRS 13: There seem to be some issues in order to reflect transactional costs in the current valuations. They mentioned 100 mn EUR as potential (negative) impact.
– LTV target: They mentioned 55% as a goal, from around 71% today, with the intermediate step of 60-65% (my remark: with ~4 bn Bank, 5% LTV is 200 mn EUR.)
– no plan to sell fund management (would have been one option to generate equity)
– no mention of hedge funds as holders of the bank debt
– the “gherkin fund” has an indirect 44 mn EUR risk for IVG

In general, they were very vague about refinancing. They mentioned Rothshild being an advisor which is not the best news for existing investors. The whole call was with that respect a deja vue similar to the Praktiker call almost 2 years ago.

My expectation is the following:

Current equity holders will suffer one way or the other. My guess is that a new convertible will be part of any refinancing package. I could easily imagine somthing like pledging the fund business to a new investor, similar to the “Max Bahr” pledge at Praktiker.

In the process, they will come up with some “voluntary” contribution of Hybrid and Convertible holders which in my opinion will not work. I still belive that the Convertible will be paid in full in 2014, but the next few months can be very volatile.

Lessons learned:

I think I made one real mistake here: When I researched utilities earlier this year, especially Energiedienst, it should have been clear that the gas cavern business will not be so good going forward as in the past. As my thesis on the IVG bond implied a stable gas cavern business, I should have reviewed the case back then.

On the other hand it is interesting to see that a very broad research focus could yield quite interesting “cross results”.

Summery:

I think there is no urgent need to sell as Convertible holder. The asset base is still high enough to support a relatively high worst case recovery for the senior unsecured creditors.

Nevertheless, one should prepare oneself for a quite bumpy rest of the year with some “Praktiker style” attempts t bail in bond holders. All in all I still expect full repayment in MArch 2014 with a high probability. However, because of the problems in the utility sector, the stabilizing effect of the cavern business has weakened significantly and the investment is riskier than before.

For the portfolio, I will hold the bonds for the time being.

DISCLAIMER: As always, DO YOUR OWN RESEARCH !!!! This is by no means an investment recommendation for anyone. Don’t trust anyone with tipps etc.

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